The Service Tree lists all services in "branched" groups, starting with the very general and moving to the very specific. Click on the name of any group name to see the sub-groups available within it. Click on a service code to see its details and the providers who offer that service.
Disease Specific Communicable Disease Control
Programs that attempt to control the occurrence of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a group of symptoms (including certain infections and/or cancers) that collectively characterize the condition and are the result of a weakening of the immune system caused by infection with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). Activities include surveillance of the occurrence of the disease in the community, investigation of individual cases, and development of case histories and other interventions that will help to increase the medical establishment's understanding of the causes of the diseases and potential methods of prevention and cure. AIDS control activities are often initiated by local HIV prevention planning groups that are responsible for developing needs assessments and planning long and short-term strategies specific to target communities as determined by the studies.
Programs that attempt to control the occurrence and spread of the virus first identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in 2019 that causes the respiratory illness COVID-19, which probably originally emerged from an animal source but has spread from person-to-person in many locales as well as to other countries around the world and has been identified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses, some causing illness in people and others that circulate among animals, including camels, cats and bats. SARS, another coronavirus that emerged to infect people, came from civet cats, while MERS (the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), another coronavirus that emerged to infect people, came from camels. Symptoms of the current infection include mild to severe respiratory illness with fever, cough and difficulty breathing. Those most at risk from the virus are older adults and people with preexisting health conditions. Coronaviruses are generally thought to be spread most often by respiratory droplets. There is no evidence of transmission of the virus associated with imported goods. Strategies for controlling the spread of the virus include testing individuals who have had contact with people with active cases, tracing people who have had contact with people who have tested positively or have contracted the virus, quarantining individuals who have the illness and, in areas that have experienced community transmission, asking residents to engage in social distancing (avoiding large parties, sporting events and other venues where large crowds typically gather). Local authorities may ask that special events like conferences, festivals and concerts be cancelled or rescheduled or may ban large gatherings altogether, for example having sports events take place without on-site spectators.
Programs that attempt to control the occurrence and spread of Ebola, a rare and deadly disease caused by infection with one of the Ebola virus strains found in several African countries. Good outbreak control relies on a defined set of interventions including case management, surveillance and contact tracing, a good laboratory service, safe burials and social mobilization. Community engagement is key to successfully controlling outbreaks. Raising awareness of risk factors for Ebola infection and protective measures that individuals can take is an effective way to reduce human transmission. Health-care workers caring for patients with suspected or confirmed Ebola virus need to apply extra infection control measures to prevent contact with the patient’s blood and body fluids and contaminated surfaces or materials such as clothing and bedding. Safety measures include wearing face protection (a face shield or a medical mask and goggles), a clean, non-sterile long-sleeved gown, and gloves (sterile gloves for some procedures). Laboratory workers are also at risk. Samples taken from humans and animals for investigation of Ebola infection should be handled by trained staff and processed in suitably equipped laboratories.
Programs that investigate reported cases of food poisoning from commercial sources (restaurants, vending machines, manufacturers, markets), ensure that the diagnosis is confirmed, identify the source of the problem, and work with the establishment in which the outbreak originated to prevent further transmission of the illness by disposing of the contaminated food and correcting the food handling practices that caused the problem.
Programs that control the occurrence of influenza by monitoring the incidence of the disease in the general population, identifying the level of influenza activity (no activity, sporadic, local, regional or widespread), determining the types of virus that are circulating, detecting changes in the influenza virus, investigating individual outbreaks, tracking the number of hospitalizations and flu-related deaths, evaluating prevention efforts and taking appropriate measures to prevent disease transmission.
Programs that attempt to control the occurrence and spread of mpox. Strategies for controlling the spread of the virus may include monitoring the incidence of the disease in the general population, investigating individual outbreaks, identifying and screening recent contacts of people who are infected, vaccination events, and programs that educate the public about the disease, its symptoms, and preventive measures to stop the spread of the disease.
Programs that attempt to control the occurrence of rabies by monitoring the incidence of the disease in bats, coyotes, skunks and other wild animal populations that are susceptible; locating and isolating animals who are suspected of having rabies; and locating and treating people who have been bitten by an animal who may have been rabid.
Sexually Transmitted Disease Control
Programs that control the occurrence of gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes and other diseases that are transmitted by sexual contact by monitoring the incidence of the disease in the general population, investigating individual outbreaks, and identifying and screening recent contacts of people who are infected to stop the spread of the disease.
Programs that control the occurrence of tuberculosis by monitoring the incidence of the disease in the general population, investigating individual outbreaks and identifying and screening recent contacts of people who are infected to stop the spread of the disease.
Programs that control the occurrence of West Nile Virus by monitoring the incidence of the disease in local bird and mammal populations using mechanisms like dead bird reporting hotlines, and promoting preventive measures to reduce the likelihood of mosquito bites such as the removal of standing water in homes and gardens, encourage people to wear long sleeved clothing and long pants when walking outside in the morning and evening in places where mosquitoes are prevalent, and the application of insect repellent containing DEET.
Programs that attempt to control the occurrence and spread of the Zika virus which is transmitted through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito, primarily by promoting steps that people can take to avoid mosquito bites, e.g., wearing long sleeved clothing and long pants when walking outside in the morning and evening in places where mosquitoes are prevalent, and using EPA-registered insect repellents. Because the virus may also be spread by sexual contact, it is recommended that people who have contracted the virus use condoms or avoid having sex. It is not known how long the virus remains present in the semen of men who have had Zika. There is no vaccine to prevent Zika virus disease. Also included are programs that distribute registered insect repellents.